I have the same problem. The thumbnails only refresh if I open the screenshot folder in Windows Explorer. Then they immediately update in Windows Explorer, and then the updated thumbnails are there again in Screenshot Captor after pressing F5 in Screenshot Captor to refresh. But Screenshot Captor cannot "itself" any longer make thumbnails when taking new screenshots.
That's a pretty big problem, as the thumbnails are quite important for navigation.
I'm using Windows 10 Home (10.0.19043, i.e. 21H1).
Did anyone find a permanent solution that doesn't involve resetting all settings, including settings that have nothing to do with this?
I did install Google Drive recently – could that be the culprit? I don't remember if the problem started at that point, but it could be, since I just remember installing Google Drive during the last 4-6 months and also that the problem with Screenshot Captor appeared within the same time frame. It could also be unrelated.