To be clear, Process Tamer does not make your computer run faster, nor does it claim to. Given a certain amount of work (say, encode a video), when using software like Process Tamer, your computer will not complete the task any quicker.
What it does do is help the processes running in the system cooperate by (a) assuming that you, while sitting in front of the computer, want to have better responsiveness; and (b) using input you may give it telling it that certain programs don't deserve instantaneous responsiveness. The result is that greedy stuff that would monopolize the system will be prevented from doing so.
In fact, because the system is allowing you to interrupt more readily, the final result may actually be that our hypothetical process takes somewhat longer to complete -- but you'll feel less frustrated during that time.
There's nothing magic, just juggling priorities a bit differently than the system does by default.