As an afterthought:
You could try this in conjunction with - or as an alternative to - adjusting the display as above: get some/different spectacles.
I need to use spectacles for reading only, but their focal point and depth of field make them useless for reading my laptop screen, as it is typically 24 inches or so away from my eyes. So I experimented with some cheap drugstore reading glasses and found a pair at +1.50 magnification that had just the right focal point and a greater depth of field (for my eyes) to enable me to read the screen with ease, and they could also help with reading printed hardcopy closer up and further away (though they were not as good as my reading glasses for close up). The prescription reading glasses cost over $100/pair. The drugstore reading glasses cost $30 for two pairs. So I buy two pairs and have something in reserve when a pair in use starts to fall apart. They usually break at the weakest point - which seems to be the spring-loaded hinges - after a while, because I always have them hanging via a lanyard around my neck.
Possibly useful tips re the display:
(a) GPU adjustments: when I switched to my HP ENVY 14 laptop (Win 7-64 Home Premium), I found the display incredibly glary (needed snow-goggles). After googling around I upgraded to the latest driver and Catalyst Control Centre (toolkit) for my AMD Radeon GPU, and adjusted the settings. In particular, I turned down the brightness and turned up the gamma. I saved different settings to presets, so I could switch to different presets to suit the task (e.g., image viewing, or reading). This made the screen much less glary and easier to read, and those small icons came up much clearer and with deeper hues.
(b)Turning on and adjusting ClearType: probably a "must" as well, though it probably won't affect the icons.