Using
AutoHotkey you can do this, but not in a generic way, cause there's no unified way of getting the data out of different programs and controls.
Here's a sample using ControlGetText. Use AutoHotekey's WinSpy to get the names of the windows and controls you want to access, and fill them into the script. If you can't make it work, please post some program info, windows titles and control names and types here, and I'll try it out.
It would also be easy to implement keyboard or mouse actions before and after getting and sending data, or check if the data has changed, etc.
;InControl.ahk
#NoEnv
interval=1000 ;time in ms
sourcewindow=Calculator
sourcecontrol=Edit1
targetwindow=Untitled - Notepad
targetcontrol=Edit1
Loop
{
Sleep,%interval%
ControlGetText,data,%sourcecontrol%,%sourcewindow%
ControlSetText,%targetcontrol%,%data%,%targetwindow%
}