A simple batch file would do the job:
Make a text file in Notepad and add lines like
copy <path to folder you want to copy> <destination folder where it is to go>
replacing the paths with the specific ones for your system (note if the paths contain any spaces they must be enclosed in " ")
Add a line like this for each one you want to copy
Save it somewhere with a .bat extension.
Double click the file to do the backup.
If you want to automate the other steps (compacting mail etc) you need to record a macro somewhere to perform those steps. You could add a double click on the batch file as the last step.
Is this what you want or are you thinking of how do I schedule this to happen regularly without me doing anything? In which case you could use the Windows Backup Program (See Programs > Accessories > System Tools > Backups) where you can set up a scheduled backup of just the folders/files you want.