You might have to change file manager - or use an image viewer.
XYPlorer is quick to load thumbs (their quality isn't great though).
I dont know if any file manager copes really well with this.
I use directory opus - it has the option to load all thumbnails for the folder once opened. In spite of the fact that it caches thumbs, it is very busy for a good while on opening a folder with say a few hundred images. (I should check settings again, maybe it has used up all the space allocated to thumbnails).